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Updated with current federal pay tables and reference data

Archive year. This is the 2020 GS-12 pay scale. Current year: 2026 GS-12.
$66,167 GS-12 Step 1 base salary (2020)
$86,021 GS-12 Step 10 base salary (2020)
O-5 Lieutenant Colonel Approximate military equivalent

2020 GS-12 base salary, all 10 steps

This is the nationwide base GS-12 salary schedule for 2020, before any locality adjustment. It shows annual salary, biweekly pay and hourly rate for every step.

Step Annual salary Biweekly pay Hourly rate Notes
Step 1 $66,167 $2,544.88 $31.70 -
Step 2 $68,373 $2,629.73 $32.76 -
Step 3 $70,579 $2,714.58 $33.82 -
Step 4 $72,785 $2,799.42 $34.88 -
Step 5 $74,991 $2,884.27 $35.93 -
Step 6 $77,197 $2,969.12 $36.99 -
Step 7 $79,403 $3,053.96 $38.05 -
Step 8 $81,609 $3,138.81 $39.10 -
Step 9 $83,815 $3,223.65 $40.16 -
Step 10 $86,021 $3,308.50 $41.22 -
← GS-11 Calculate GS-12 pay GS-13 →

Who is a GS-12?

Typical role. Experienced professionals and working-level experts. This is the most common GS grade for mid-career federal employees. Many policy, acquisition, engineering and scientific specialists sit at GS-12.

Minimum qualifications. One year of specialized experience at the GS-11 level.

Career progression. Competitive promotion to GS-13 requires a GS-13 vacancy and selection on merit.

Step-increase waiting periods

Within-grade step increases happen automatically as long as your performance is acceptable.

  • Step 1 → Step 2 52 weeks
  • Step 2 → Step 3 52 weeks
  • Step 3 → Step 4 52 weeks
  • Step 4 → Step 5 104 weeks
  • Step 5 → Step 6 104 weeks
  • Step 6 → Step 7 104 weeks
  • Step 7 → Step 8 156 weeks
  • Step 8 → Step 9 156 weeks
  • Step 9 → Step 10 156 weeks

GS-12 locality-adjusted salary for every pay area

Most federal employees receive locality pay on top of their base salary. The table below shows GS-12 Step 1 and Step 10 for every OPM locality pay area in 2020, sorted from highest to lowest adjustment.

Locality pay area Adjustment GS-12 Step 1 GS-12 Step 10
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland 41.44% $93,587 $121,668
New York-Newark 33.98% $88,651 $115,251
Houston-The Woodlands 33.32% $88,214 $114,683
Los Angeles-Long Beach 32.41% $87,612 $113,900
Washington-Baltimore-Arlington 30.48% $86,335 $112,240
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad 29.77% $85,865 $111,629
State of Alaska 29.67% $85,799 $111,543
Hartford-East Hartford 29.49% $85,680 $111,389
Boston-Worcester-Providence 29.11% $85,428 $111,062
Chicago-Naperville 28.59% $85,084 $110,614
Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor 27.32% $84,244 $109,522
Denver-Aurora 27.13% $84,118 $109,358
Seattle-Tacoma 27.02% $84,045 $109,264
Sacramento-Roseville 26.37% $83,615 $108,705
Philadelphia-Reading-Camden 26.04% $83,397 $108,421
Dallas-Fort Worth 24.98% $82,696 $107,509
Minneapolis-St. Paul 24.66% $82,484 $107,234
Portland-Vancouver-Salem 23.74% $81,875 $106,442
Miami-Port St. Lucie-Fort Lauderdale 23.51% $81,723 $106,245
Atlanta--Athens-Clarke County--Sandy Springs 22.16% $80,830 $105,083
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha 20.96% $80,036 $104,051
Cleveland-Akron-Canton 20.82% $79,943 $103,931
Cincinnati-Wilmington-Maysville 20.55% $79,764 $103,698
Raleigh-Durham-Cary 20.49% $79,725 $103,647
Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean 20.20% $79,533 $103,397
Phoenix-Mesa 20.12% $79,480 $103,328
Columbus-Marion-Zanesville 20.02% $79,414 $103,242
Richmond 19.95% $79,367 $103,182
Huntsville-Decatur 19.85% $79,301 $103,096
State of Hawaii 19.56% $79,109 $102,847
Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton 19.40% $79,003 $102,709
Dayton-Springfield-Kettering 19.18% $78,858 $102,520
Laredo 18.88% $78,659 $102,262
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown 18.17% $78,190 $101,651
Albany-Schenectady 17.88% $77,998 $101,402
Colorado Springs 17.78% $77,931 $101,316
Las Vegas-Henderson 17.68% $77,865 $101,230
St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington 17.65% $77,845 $101,204
Charlotte-Concord 17.44% $77,707 $101,023
Harrisburg-Lebanon 17.20% $77,548 $100,817
Tucson-Nogales 17.19% $77,541 $100,808
Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City 17.13% $77,501 $100,756
Davenport-Moline 17.04% $77,442 $100,679
Indianapolis-Carmel-Muncie 16.92% $77,362 $100,576
Burlington-South Burlington-Barre 16.89% $77,343 $100,550
San Antonio-New Braunfels-Pearsall 16.77% $77,263 $100,447
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville 16.73% $77,237 $100,412
Albuquerque-Santa Fe-Las Vegas 16.68% $77,204 $100,369
Corpus Christi-Kingsville-Alice 16.56% $77,124 $100,266
Virginia Beach-Norfolk 16.51% $77,091 $100,223
Omaha-Council Bluffs-Fremont 16.33% $76,972 $100,068
Birmingham-Hoover-Talladega 16.26% $76,926 $100,008
Rest of U.S. 15.95% $76,721 $99,741

Top and bottom GS-12 localities in 2020

About the GS-12 pay scale

GS-12 is part of the 2020 General Schedule, the pay system used by roughly 70% of civilian white-collar federal employees. Experienced professionals and working-level experts. This is the most common GS grade for mid-career federal employees. Many policy, acquisition, engineering and scientific specialists sit at GS-12.

How step increases work

Within-grade step increases happen automatically as long as your performance is acceptable. You move from Step 1 to Step 4 one year at a time, from Step 4 to Step 7 every two years, and from Step 7 to Step 10 every three years. Managers can award a one-time quality step increase (QSI) to accelerate progression for employees whose performance is rated outstanding.

Browse other grades in 2020

GS-12 questions for 2020

  • What is the starting salary for GS-12 in 2020?
    The base starting salary for GS-12 in 2020 is $66,167 at Step 1. With the highest locality adjustment in 2020 (San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, 41.44%), GS-12 Step 1 can reach significantly more.
  • How long does it take to reach GS-12 Step 10?
    If you never get a quality step increase, it takes roughly 18 years to move from Step 1 to Step 10. Steps 1-4 take one year each, Steps 5-7 take two years each, and Steps 8-10 take three years each. A quality step increase can shorten that timeline by one year per QSI.
  • How do I get promoted from GS-12 to GS-13?
    Promotion from GS-12 to GS-13 generally requires one year of specialized experience at the GS-12 level, and a competitive selection into a GS-13 vacancy. Open the GS-13 pay scale to see the next grade's salaries.
  • What is the military equivalent of GS-12?
    GS-12 is roughly equivalent to O-5 Lieutenant Colonel. These equivalents are approximate. The GS and military pay systems do not map one to one.