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Updated with current federal pay tables and reference data

Archive year. This is the 2023 GS-1 pay scale. Current year: 2026 GS-1.
$20,999 GS-1 Step 1 base salary (2023)
$26,273 GS-1 Step 10 base salary (2023)
E-2 Private Second Class Approximate military equivalent

2023 GS-1 base salary, all 10 steps

This is the nationwide base GS-1 salary schedule for 2023, before any locality adjustment. It shows annual salary, biweekly pay and hourly rate for every step.

Step Annual salary Biweekly pay Hourly rate Notes
Step 1 $20,999 $807.65 $10.06 -
Step 2 $21,704 $834.77 $10.40 -
Step 3 $22,401 $861.58 $10.73 -
Step 4 $23,097 $888.35 $11.07 -
Step 5 $23,794 $915.15 $11.40 -
Step 6 $24,202 $930.85 $11.60 -
Step 7 $24,893 $957.42 $11.93 -
Step 8 $25,589 $984.19 $12.26 -
Step 9 $25,617 $985.27 $12.27 -
Step 10 $26,273 $1,010.50 $12.59 -
Calculate GS-1 pay GS-2 →

Who is a GS-1?

Typical role. Entry-level clerical, labor and support positions. GS-1 is rarely used today; most entry roles now start at GS-2 or GS-3.

Minimum qualifications. No formal education or experience required. Generally filled by workers with basic literacy and ability to follow simple instructions.

Career progression. Promotion to GS-2 typically follows one year of satisfactory service.

Step-increase waiting periods

Within-grade step increases happen automatically as long as your performance is acceptable.

  • Step 1 → Step 2 52 weeks
  • Step 2 → Step 3 52 weeks
  • Step 3 → Step 4 52 weeks
  • Step 4 → Step 5 104 weeks
  • Step 5 → Step 6 104 weeks
  • Step 6 → Step 7 104 weeks
  • Step 7 → Step 8 156 weeks
  • Step 8 → Step 9 156 weeks
  • Step 9 → Step 10 156 weeks

GS-1 locality-adjusted salary for every pay area

Most federal employees receive locality pay on top of their base salary. The table below shows GS-1 Step 1 and Step 10 for every OPM locality pay area in 2023, sorted from highest to lowest adjustment.

Locality pay area Adjustment GS-1 Step 1 GS-1 Step 10
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland 44.15% $30,270 $37,873
New York-Newark 36.16% $28,592 $35,773
Los Angeles-Long Beach 34.89% $28,326 $35,440
Houston-The Woodlands 34.47% $28,237 $35,329
Washington-Baltimore-Arlington 32.49% $27,822 $34,809
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad 32.01% $27,721 $34,683
State of Alaska 31.32% $27,576 $34,502
Boston-Worcester-Providence 31.05% $27,519 $34,431
Hartford-East Hartford 30.91% $27,490 $34,394
Chicago-Naperville 29.79% $27,255 $34,100
Seattle-Tacoma 29.57% $27,208 $34,042
Denver-Aurora 29.05% $27,099 $33,905
Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor 28.37% $26,956 $33,727
Sacramento-Roseville 28.30% $26,942 $33,708
Philadelphia-Reading-Camden 27.84% $26,845 $33,587
Minneapolis-St. Paul 26.39% $26,541 $33,206
Dallas-Fort Worth 26.37% $26,536 $33,201
Portland-Vancouver-Salem 24.98% $26,245 $32,836
Miami-Port St. Lucie-Fort Lauderdale 24.14% $26,068 $32,615
Atlanta--Athens-Clarke County--Sandy Springs 23.02% $25,833 $32,321
Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha 21.74% $25,564 $31,985
Cleveland-Akron-Canton 21.69% $25,554 $31,972
Phoenix-Mesa 21.44% $25,501 $31,906
Richmond 21.38% $25,489 $31,890
Raleigh-Durham-Cary 21.37% $25,486 $31,888
Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean 21.35% $25,482 $31,882
Cincinnati-Wilmington-Maysville 21.35% $25,482 $31,882
Columbus-Marion-Zanesville 21.27% $25,465 $31,861
State of Hawaii 21.17% $25,444 $31,835
Huntsville-Decatur 20.96% $25,400 $31,780
Laredo 20.64% $25,333 $31,696
Dayton-Springfield-Kettering 20.59% $25,323 $31,683
Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton 20.37% $25,276 $31,625
Albany-Schenectady 19.45% $25,083 $31,383
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown 19.40% $25,073 $31,370
Colorado Springs 19.11% $25,012 $31,294
St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington 19.10% $25,010 $31,291
Las Vegas-Henderson 18.76% $24,938 $31,202
Charlotte-Concord 18.63% $24,911 $31,168
Harrisburg-Lebanon 18.59% $24,903 $31,157
Tucson-Nogales 18.40% $24,863 $31,107
Burlington-South Burlington-Barre 18.31% $24,844 $31,084
Davenport-Moline 18.21% $24,823 $31,057
Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City 18.18% $24,817 $31,049
San Antonio-New Braunfels-Pearsall 18.00% $24,779 $31,002
Virginia Beach-Norfolk 17.94% $24,766 $30,986
Albuquerque-Santa Fe-Las Vegas 17.63% $24,701 $30,905
Indianapolis-Carmel-Muncie 17.57% $24,689 $30,889
Omaha-Council Bluffs-Fremont 17.52% $24,678 $30,876
Birmingham-Hoover-Talladega 17.41% $24,655 $30,847
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville 17.30% $24,632 $30,818
Des Moines-Ames-West Des Moines 17.13% $24,596 $30,774
Corpus Christi-Kingsville-Alice 17.10% $24,590 $30,766
Rest of U.S. 16.50% $24,464 $30,608

Top and bottom GS-1 localities in 2023

About the GS-1 pay scale

GS-1 is part of the 2023 General Schedule, the pay system used by roughly 70% of civilian white-collar federal employees. Entry-level clerical, labor and support positions. GS-1 is rarely used today; most entry roles now start at GS-2 or GS-3.

How step increases work

Within-grade step increases happen automatically as long as your performance is acceptable. You move from Step 1 to Step 4 one year at a time, from Step 4 to Step 7 every two years, and from Step 7 to Step 10 every three years. Managers can award a one-time quality step increase (QSI) to accelerate progression for employees whose performance is rated outstanding.

Browse other grades in 2023

GS-1 questions for 2023

  • What is the starting salary for GS-1 in 2023?
    The base starting salary for GS-1 in 2023 is $20,999 at Step 1. With the highest locality adjustment in 2023 (San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, 44.15%), GS-1 Step 1 can reach significantly more.
  • How long does it take to reach GS-1 Step 10?
    If you never get a quality step increase, it takes roughly 18 years to move from Step 1 to Step 10. Steps 1-4 take one year each, Steps 5-7 take two years each, and Steps 8-10 take three years each. A quality step increase can shorten that timeline by one year per QSI.
  • How do I get promoted from GS-1 to GS-2?
    Promotion from GS-1 to GS-2 generally requires one year of specialized experience at the GS-1 level, and a competitive selection into a GS-2 vacancy. Open the GS-2 pay scale to see the next grade's salaries.
  • What is the military equivalent of GS-1?
    GS-1 is roughly equivalent to E-2 Private Second Class. These equivalents are approximate. The GS and military pay systems do not map one to one.